Scrub the potatoes well and rinse under cold water. Wrap each potato in a damp paper towel and microwave for about 8 minutes, or until starting to soften.
Carefully remove the potatoes from the microwave (they'll be hot!), discard the paper towels, and let cool slightly before handling. Meanwhile, preheat the air fryer to 400°F.
Pierce each potato a few times with a fork, then rub generously with olive oil and season all over with salt and pepper.
Transfer the potatoes to the air fryer and cook for 15-20 minutes, flipping halfway through, until the skins are golden and crispy and the potatoes are fork-tender (or a toothpick easily slides into the center). Set aside in an oven-safe baking dish.
While the potatoes cook, begin caramelizing the onions. Melt 3 tbsp of butter in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the sliced onions and a generous pinch of salt, stirring to coat. Cover with a lid and let the onions steam for 5-10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until softened and beginning to release their moisture.
Remove the lid, reduce the heat to medium-low, and continue cooking for 25-30 minutes, stirring occasionally, until deeply caramelized and golden brown. If the bottom of the skillet starts to get too dark, reduce the heat slightly.
Add a splash of dry white wine to deglaze the pan, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom. Cook for another 1-2 minutes, until most of the liquid has reduced. Remove from the heat and stir in a few dashes of Worcestershire sauce.
Cut a cross into the top of each potato, being careful not to slice all the way through. Gently press down and pull apart to open up the potatoes.
Add ½ tbsp of the remaining butter to each potato and let it melt, then use a fork to lightly mash it in. Use extra butter here if you like. Next add a spoonful of crème fraîche to each potato and gently mash again until creamy, being careful not to tear the skins too much.
Spoon a generous amount of caramelized onions over each potato and finish with plenty of freshly grated Gruyère.
Place the baking dish under the broiler for 2-4 minutes, or until the cheese is melted, bubbly, and starting to turn golden. Alternatively, return the potatoes to the air fryer at 400°F for a few minutes to melt the cheese.
Finish with fresh thyme leaves and a little freshly cracked black pepper, if you'd like. Serve while hot!